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3.3 Municipal Water Treatment (PAC)
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Municipal water treatment plant
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The process flow diagram illustrates an municipal water treatment plant that is used for the removal of taste and odour compounds.
In certain regions the treatment of the water intended for potable purposes is not necessary at all times during the year. The presence of taste, odour and toxins is dependent largely on the biological action in areas where lake or reservoir supply is common. It is therefore often more cost effective to use temporary or intermittent dosing of activated carbon into the water only during times when treatment is required.
Bulk PAC fully automated dosing equipment from silos
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In these instances, the use of Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC) is preferred, as no costly fixed bed filtration equipment is required. The PAC can be dosed directly to existing flocculent tanks at a prescribed rate to achieve the level of removal of taste, odour and toxins as required.
Following dosing of PAC the activated carbon is removed as part of the flocculation process, or subsequently filtered mechanically. The water is then disinfected for supply to the distribution network.
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CPL Carbon Link manufactures a range of Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC) products for municipal water treatment.
The key features of these products are;
- Powdered coal and coconut shell activated carbons enable optimum product selection
- Range of activity levels and pore size distributions provide a flexible approach to adsorption
- High density products give maximum volume activity on dosing
- Finely divided particle size produces excellent dispersal characteristics in slurries
- UK Drinking Water Inspectorate (DWI) approved
In addition to the supply of PAC, CPL Carbon Link are able to supply automated dosing equipment as well as a full analytical service to assist in the determination of dosing levels and appropriate PAC products.
Typical Product Properties
| Grade |
Filtracarb WP7 |
Filtracarb WP9 |
| Type |
Powder |
Powder |
| Methylene Blue (mg/g) |
180 |
250 |
| CTC (%) |
50 |
65 |
| Bulk density (g/cm³) |
0.43 |
0.45 |
| Moisture (%) |
5 |
5 |
| Iodine No. (mg/g) |
850 |
1050 |
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